How to obtain the latest service pack for SQL Server:
https://support.microsoft.com/en-au/kb/2755533

How to install a Service Pack at a SQL Server 2012 Failover Instance – Best Practice:
https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/john_daskalakis/2014/09/05/how-to-install-a-service-pack-at-a-sql-server-2012-failover-instance-best-practices/

Best Practices for Applying Service Packs, Hotfixes and Security Patches
https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/cc750077.aspx

Microsoft® SQL Server® 2012 Best Practices Analyzer
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29302

Best Practices for installing SQL Server service packs, hotfixes, cumulative updates
https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/beatrice/2009/02/10/best-practices-for-installing-sql-server-service-packs-hotfixes-cumulative-updates/

Failover Cluster Instance Administration and Maintenance
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms178061(v=sql.110).aspx

Diagnostic queries:
https://sqlserverperformance.wordpress.com/

https://www.dropbox.com/sh/acejbwfeg552reb/AADbU49FtyWsgn2jd93-YTRga?dl=0

https://sqlserverperformance.wordpress.com/2014/09/17/sql-server-diagnostic-information-queries-for-september-2014/

Leveraging sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats
https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/dpless/2010/12/01/leveraging-sys-dm_io_virtual_file_stats/

OPTION (RECOMPILE)
http://www.sqlskills.com/blogs/kimberly/using-the-option-recompile-option-for-a-statement/

SQL Server Documentation:
https://technet.microsoft.com/library/mt590198.aspx

SQL Server Database 2008 Documentation
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh278312.aspx

SQL Server Database 2008R2 Documentation
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn197878.aspx

SQL Server Database 2012 Documentation
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh278311.aspx

SQL Server Database 2014 Documentation
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh994726.aspx

SQL Server Database 2016 Documentation
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh278297.aspx

TechNet troubleshooting and support
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-gb/ms772425

MSDN forums
https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/home?forum=en-US

MSSQL Transact-SQL reference
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb510741.aspx

AlwaysOn troubleshooting and monitoring guide
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn135328.aspx

Microsoft SQL support lifecycle
https://support.microsoft.com/en-gb/lifecycle?c2=1044

How to determine the version, edition and update level of SQL Server and its components
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/321185

Create or Configure an Availability Group Listener (SQL Server)
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-AU/library/hh213080.aspx

Availability Group Listeners, Client Connectivity, and Application Failover (SQL Server)
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh213417.aspx

== MSSQL Patching ==

Where to find information about the latest SQL Server builds and patches
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/957826

MSSQL updates / patches

http://sqlserverbuilds.blogspot.com.au/

https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff803383.aspx

https://support.microsoft.com/en-au/kb/321185

SQL Server failover cluster rolling patch and service pack process
https://support.microsoft.com/en-au/kb/958734

Best Practise for Patching SQL Server
https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/glsmall/2013/11/14/best-practise-for-patching-sql-server/

Upgrading Always On Availability Group Replica Instances
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn178483.aspx